marvin
By Marvin Desmond
Posted 21st March 2023

Basic Program

The following code uses many of the most basic features
go
js
dart
python
julia
package main 

import "fmt"

func printInteger (aNumber int) {
    fmt.Printf("The number is %d.", aNumber) // Print to console
}

// This is where the app starts executing
func main() {
    var number int = 42 // Declare and initialize the variable
    printInteger(number) // Call a function
}
const printInteger = (aNumber: number): void => {
    console.log(`The number is ${aNumber}`) //Print to console
}

let number = 42 // Declare and initialize the variable
printInteger(number) // Call a function
void printInteger (int aNumber) {
    print("The number is $aNumber.")
}

// This is where the app starts executing
void main() {
    var number = 42; // Declare and initialize a variable
    printInteger(number); // Call a function
}
def printInteger(aNumber: int) -> void:
    print(f"The number is {aNumber}") // Print to console

number: int = 42
printIteger(number)
function printInteger(aNumber::Int64)
    println("The number is $aNumber") # Print to console
end

number = 42 # Declare and initialize a variable
printInteger(number) # Call a function
Variables
Below are examples of creating variables and initializing them. Variables store references. For languages like Go, Dart, Julia, when type is not stated explicitly, it is inferred during compile time. In Dart, you can use Object or dynamic for variable not restricted to type. In Go, this can be done with the interface.
go
js
dart
python
julia
var num int = 8
var ToBe bool = false
var (
    MaxInt uint64 = 1<<64 - 1
    z complex128 = cmplx.Sqrt(-5 + 12i) // import "math/cmplx"
    )
// int int8 int16 int32(rune) int64
// uint uint8(byte) int16 int32 int64
aNum := 23 // inferred, only works within main()
// string bool float32 float64 complex64 complex128
var values [4]int = {1, 3, 4, 6}
var inert []map[string]string = []map[string]string{
    {"percent": "21", "gas": "oxygen"},
    {"percent": "78", "gas": "nitrogen"},
}
let a = "Hello World" // string
let b = 5.69 // number
let c = true, // boolean
    gas =  null // null
    gases: string[] = ["helium", "oxygen", "hydrogen"] // TS
let inert:Record<string, string>[] = [
    { "percent": "21", "gas": "oxygen"},
    { "percent": "78", "gas": "nitrogen"}]
int numOne = 1;
double numTwo = 3.14159;
String str = "Educative";
bool val = true;
List<String> gases = ["helium", "oxygen", "hydrogen"]; // use can still use var
var flybyObjects = ['Jupiter', 'Saturn', 'Uranus', 'Neptune'];
var image = {
'tags': ['saturn'],
'url': '//path/to/saturn.jpg'
};
List<Map<string, string>> inert = [
    { "percent": "21", "gas": "oxygen"},
    { "percent": "78", "gas": "nitrogen"}
];
num: int = 2
pi: float = 3.14
name: str = "Hello world"
found: bool = True
gases: list[str] = ["helium", "oxygen", "hydrogen"]
inert: list[dict[str, str]] = [ 
    { "percent": "21", "gas": "oxygen"},
    { "percent": "78", "gas": "nitrogen"}]
# type above is for python 3.9+
# for earlier versions use
from typing import List, Dict
x = 41 # Int
y = 'e' # Char
y = "e" # String
a = (1, 2, 3) # Tuple
local x::Int8  # in a local declaration
x::Int8 = 10   # as the left-hand side of an assignment
mydict = Dict{Char, Int64}('a'=>1, 'b'=>2, 'c'=>3) # Dict
inert = Dict{String, String}[
    Dict("percent" => "21", "gas" => "oxygen"), 
    Dict("percent" => "78", "gas" => "nitrogen")] # List of Dict
a = Set([1,2,2,3,4])